The HPV-negative subtyper being applied under this NCI grant is a modified version of GeneCentric's previously-developed Head and Neck Cancer
Subtype Profiler (HNSP).
According to the company, Chidamide, a benzamide-based, selective inhibitor of class I (
subtypes 1, 2, 3) and IIb (
subtype 10) HDACs, reverses epigenetic abnormalities related to tumorigenesis.
Molecular
subtypes were grouped as follows: luminal A
subtype ([ER.sup.+] or [PR.sup.+], [HER2.sup.-] and Ki-67 index [percentage of [Ki-67.sup.+] tumor cells] < 15%); luminal B
subtype ([ER.sup.+] or [PR.sup.+] and [HER2.sup.+], or Ki-67 index > 15%); HER2
subtype ([ER.sup.-] and [PR.sup.-], [HER2.sup.+]), basal-like
subtype ([ER.sup.-], [PR.sup.-], and [HER2.sup.-]).
In a study published in the journal JCI Insight, researchers at the University of North Carolina reported that they have pinpointed a single molecule - microRNA-31 (miR-31) - the levels of which predict whether a patient has
subtype 1 or
subtype 2 of the disease.
Context: Breast cancer
subtype (BCS) and lymphovascular invasion (LVI) have both been independently demonstrated as prognostic factors.
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is critical in the progression of atherosclerosis.[3],[4] It has been regarded as a preventive target in consensus guidelines (<1.8 mmol/L is the target).[5] The Global Assessment of Plaque Regression with a PCSK9 Antibody as Measured by Intravascular Ultrasound study showed that a lower level of LDL-C was correlated with greater regression of coronary plaque.[6] Comparison of the risk factors between the LAA and SVD
subtypes showed that LDL-C was more strongly related to the LAA
subtype.[7] Spence and Solo [8] have recently reported that some atherosclerosis plaques could be regressed by lowering LDL-C, but others could not be regressed by this method alone.
Although routine GIM sub-typing is not recommended, recent studies suggest that an incomplete GIM
subtype is also an important high-risk marker [7-9].
Prevalence of the risk factors varied among different etiologic
subtypes. In LAA
subtype, the most common risk factor was hypertension in 85,3% (n=118) of patients but it was not statistically significant (p=0,66), while diabetes mellitus as the second major risk factor in 77 (55%) patients was statistically significant (p=0,016).
Three main genetic lineages were described among the Eurasian H9N2
subtype viruses: G1, Y280, and Y439 (Korean) lineage (1).
According to current nomenclature,
subtype 1 is erythematotelangiectatic rosacea characterized by facial redness;
subtype 2 is papulopustular (PPR), marked by bumps and pimples;
subtype 3 is phymatous, characterized by enlargement of the nose; and
subtype 4 is ocular, marked by eye irritation.
A total of 5.9% achieved PCR in luminal A, 4.8% had PCR in luminal B (HER 2 -ve type), 23.5% had in luminal B (HER 2 +ve type), 50% achieved PCR in HER-2 over expressed type and 46.7% had PCR in triple negative
subtype, (p=0.001).