exon

In the TK domain of EGFR, activating somatic mutations from exons 18 to 21 were first found in patients with lung adenocarcinoma in 2004 (6).

Mutation screening of all exons and exon-intron boundaries was performed by Sanger sequencing, and mini haplotype analysis was carried out by genotyping of Short Tandem Repeat (STR) and Variable Number Tandem Repeat (VNTR) alleles.

The most common mutations are found in exons 3, 4 of this gene.

The BDNF gene has a complicated structure with eight 5' noncoding exons (I-IXa), each of which can splice to a common coding exon (IX) to form a functional transcript.

The mutational analysis of exons 18-21 of EGFR gene was performed using nested polymerase chain reaction- (PCR-) based direct sequencing.

The main cause of the disease is attributed to mutations in one of the largest protein-coding genes in the human genome called dystrophin that spans 79 exons (2.2 megabases) and stabilizes muscle cells by anchoring the cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix with other proteins, in a complex known as the dystrophin-associated glycoprotein complex (DAGC) [18].

The human Nurr1 gene has been mapped on chromosome 2q22-23 and is composed of eight exons [10].

LHCGR is located on chromosome 2p21 and contains 12 exons. The LHCGR gene encodes a 699 amino acid protein that consists of an N-terminal cysteine-rich region, a tandem leucine-rich repeats (LRRs) region and a C-terminal cysteine-rich region (2,3).

Polymorphisms of the GnRHR gene in giant panda: Comparative analysis of the giant panda GnRHR gene sequencing indicated two single mutation sites that were found in exons 1 and 2, respectively.

KCNE3 has three exons. The length of KCNE3-exon-1 was 462 bp, and the sense primer (5'-3') was AGGCTTTCGGTCTGGTC, whereas the antisense primer (5'-3') was GGTTCCACAGTCTCACGGAG.