vinylic

Absence of singlet between 5 and 6 ppm indicated the absence of any vinylic proton in the copolymer.

Soleimani, "Synthesis of novel polysaccharide-based superabsorbent hydro gels via graft copolymerization of vinylic monomers onto kappa-carrageenan," International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Applications, vol.

Due to the presence of the nitro group it contains, the compound 2-nitropolyhalobuta-1,3-diene easily gives the vinylic substitution ([S.sub.N]-Vin) reactions.

Elimination of CO elimination from E results in the vinylic carbocation H (m/z 199), which can easily rearrange to the aromatic cation H1 by means of a hydride shift from C(5) to C(11) [37].

Vinylic hydrogen atoms located in the region between 4.5 and 6.5 ppm in isano oil's [sup.1]H NMR (Figure 1(a)) disappeared in the [sup.1]H NMR of the hydrogenated product.

The surfactants copolymerize with unsaturated monomers at the vinylic positions during emulsion polymerization and as a result, unlike conventional surfactants that desorb during drying and film formation, become part of the polymer and remain evenly distributed in the dry film, thus improving water resistance and other film properties.

The spectrum also displayed two broad singlets at A 4.68 and 4.56 (1H each) assignable to the vinylic protons at C-29 [17-18].

Extensive studies have focused on the introduction of acrylic, vinylic, epoxy, and styrenic groups in the vegetable oils, usually involving esterification or transesterification reactions, (6-8) and evaluated their applicability in homo- and copolymerization and in emulsion and miniemulsion polymerizations.

Another important aspect is the degree of branching in a rubber, which is determined by the "incorrect" integration of butadiene components in the molecule; this creates vinylic links.