valgus

El desbalance en la actividad muscular normal del musculo aductor del hallux puede producir alteraciones como el hallux rigido o hallux valgus (Incel et al., 2002; Arinci Incel et al., 2003; Lowery & Wukich, 2009; Hakim-Zargar et al.).

Common pediatric deformities that this system addresses include cavus foot, flatfoot, clubfoot, and hallux valgus.

Preoperatively we had 3 knees with >20 degree of varus, 5 knees with 16-20 degree of varus, 10 knees with varus of 11-15 degree, 15 knees with 5-10 degree of varus, 12 knees with 0-4 degree of varus, 2 knees with 11-15 degree of valgus. Postoperatively we had 46 knees with normal valgus of 5-10 degree and 1 knee with residual varus of 0-4 degree.

Hallux valgus, also commonly called a "bunion", is a frequent painful deformity of the feet.

X-rays showed I had severe end-stage arthritis in the ankle, together with valgus tilting of the joint.

In physical examination, the knee range of motion was examined and valgus stress test for the presence of medial collateral ligament contracture was used to open the medial joint and to test the passive correctability of the varus deformity in the knee.

(1,3,4) The proposed mechanism of injury involves placement of a valgus load against an abducted or radially-deviated thumb MCP joint.

It brings pain and weakness to patients.[1] There are three major considerations in treating this disease: central bone stability, lateral ligament stability, and medial ligament stability.[2] The medial ligament includes the anterior, posterior, and transverse bundles.[3] Its injury usually results from a valgus force and leads to medial instability, heterotopic ossification (HO) formation, and reduced elbow performance score, especially in elbow stiffness.[4] Worse still, the persistent instable state eventually causes ulnar nerve irritation and irreversible motor and sensory loss.[5] Therefore, it is very important and urgent to restore normal medial collateral ligament (MCL) structure and elbow stability.

A simple knee sleeve (figure 4) provides warmth and proprioception, and a valgus unloader brace (figure 5) provides valgus stress to open and unload the medial compartment.