[rʌf], (Adjective)

Definitions:
- having an uneven or irregular surface; not smooth or level
(e.g: they had to carry the victim across the rough, stony ground)

- (of a person or their behaviour) not gentle; violent or boisterous
(e.g: pushchairs should be capable of withstanding rough treatment)

- not finished tidily or decoratively; plain and basic
(e.g: the customers sat at rough wooden tables)

- (of a voice) harsh and rasping
(e.g: his voice was rough with barely suppressed fury)

- not exact or precise; approximate
(e.g: they had a rough idea of when the murder took place)

- difficult and unpleasant or unfair
(e.g: the teachers gave me a rough time because my image didn't fit)


Phrases:
- bit of rough
- in the rough
- rough and ready
- rough around the edges
- rough as bags
- rough edges
- rough justice
- rough passage
- rough stuff
- sleep rough
- take the rough with the smooth
- the rough edge of one's tongue

Origin:
Old English rūh, of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch ruw and German rauh

[rʌf], (Adverb)

Definitions:
- in a manner that lacks gentleness; harshly or violently
(e.g: treat 'em rough but treat 'em fair)


Phrases:
- bit of rough
- in the rough
- rough and ready
- rough around the edges
- rough as bags
- rough edges
- rough justice
- rough passage
- rough stuff
- sleep rough
- take the rough with the smooth
- the rough edge of one's tongue

Origin:
Old English rūh, of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch ruw and German rauh

[rʌf], (Noun)

Definitions:
- a disreputable and violent person
(e.g: the rear of the column was attacked by roughs)

- (on a golf course) longer grass around the fairway and the green
(e.g: his second shot lay in the rough)

- a preliminary sketch
(e.g: I did a rough to work out the scale of the lettering)

- an uncut precious stone
(e.g: miners discovered one of the biggest diamond roughs in history)


Phrases:
- bit of rough
- in the rough
- rough and ready
- rough around the edges
- rough as bags
- rough edges
- rough justice
- rough passage
- rough stuff
- sleep rough
- take the rough with the smooth
- the rough edge of one's tongue

Origin:
Old English rūh, of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch ruw and German rauh

[rʌf], (Verb)

Definitions:
- work or shape (something) in a rough, preliminary fashion
(e.g: the piece of glass is now roughed into a circular form)

- make uneven
(e.g: the water was roughed by the wind)

- live in discomfort with only basic necessities
(e.g: she'd had to rough it alone in digs)


Phrases:
- bit of rough
- in the rough
- rough and ready
- rough around the edges
- rough as bags
- rough edges
- rough justice
- rough passage
- rough stuff
- sleep rough
- take the rough with the smooth
- the rough edge of one's tongue

Origin:
Old English rūh, of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch ruw and German rauh