amyloid

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am·y·loid

(ăm′ə-loid′)

1. A starchlike substance.

a. An insoluble, fibrous structure consisting chiefly of an aggregation of proteins arranged in beta sheets, forming extracellular deposits in organs or tissues and characteristic of certain diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.

b. The substance that makes up such a structure.

adj.

1. Starchlike.

2. Being or related to proteinaceous amyloid: amyloid plaque.

American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition. Copyright © 2016 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

amyloid

(ˈæmɪˌlɔɪd)

1. (Biochemistry) pathol a complex protein resembling starch, deposited in tissues in some degenerative diseases

2. any substance resembling starch

adj

starchlike

Collins English Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged, 12th Edition 2014 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2014

am•y•loid

(ˈæm əˌlɔɪd)

n.

1. a waxy, translucent substance, composed primarily of protein fibers, that is deposited in various organs of animals in certain diseases.

2. a nonnitrogenous food consisting esp. of starch.

adj.

3. of, resembling, or containing amylum.

[1855–60]

ThesaurusAntonymsRelated WordsSynonymsLegend:

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Noun	1.	amyloid - a non-nitrogenous food substance consisting chiefly of starch; any substance resembling starch amylum, starch - a complex carbohydrate found chiefly in seeds, fruits, tubers, roots and stem pith of plants, notably in corn, potatoes, wheat, and rice; an important foodstuff and used otherwise especially in adhesives and as fillers and stiffeners for paper and textiles
	2.	amyloid - (pathology) a waxy translucent complex protein resembling starch that results from degeneration of tissue pathology - the branch of medical science that studies the causes and nature and effects of diseases protein - any of a large group of nitrogenous organic compounds that are essential constituents of living cells; consist of polymers of amino acids; essential in the diet of animals for growth and for repair of tissues; can be obtained from meat and eggs and milk and legumes; "a diet high in protein"
Adj.	1.	amyloid - resembling starch amylaceous, amyloidal, farinaceous, starchlike starchy - consisting of or containing starch; "starchy foods"

Translations

amiloideo

am·y·loid

n. amiloide, proteína que se asemeja a los almidones;

___ degeneration → degeneración ___;

___ disease → enfermedad ___;

___ kidney → riñón ___;

___ nephrosis → nefrosis ___.

English-Spanish Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012

References in periodicals archive ?

Subjects who were most drowsy during the day were found to have greater amounts of Alzheimer's-causing amyloids over the two-year period of the study, especially in the areas of the brain responsible for emotion, memory retrieval and behaviour.

Daytime drowsiness increases risk of Alzheimer's in elderly

When paired with strong, porous carbon in a membrane, the lab-made amyloids successfully filtered over 99 percent of toxic materials out of solutions that mimicked severely polluted waters, the scientists report.

Altered milk protein cleans up pollution: amyloid fibers can snatch heavy metal contaminants from water

Interestingly, the relative effectiveness of EGCG and resveratrol in protecting aggregation induced membrane damage is opposite in hIAPP (resveratrol > EGCG) compared to the amyloidogenic protein [beta]-microglobulin (EGCG > resveratrol) [72], suggesting interaction rules are not completely general for all amyloids and further that efficacy against aggregation in the solution phase is not a guarantee of efficacy against membrane mediated aggregation or pore formation.

Inhibition of IAPP aggregation and toxicity by natural products and derivatives

The latest research by Ivan Korendovych at Syracuse University in New York pointed towards amyloids containing short chains of amino acids, known as peptides, New Scientist reported.

Alzheimer's molecules could have been drivers of early life on Earth

In Alzheimer's disease, you get lots of big sticky balls of amyloid-beta, made up of many individual amyloids, which latch on to brain neurons.

New Blood Test to Detect Early Stages of Alzheimer's Disease on the Way

One element links the disparate areas of research: amyloids, which are fibrous, sticky protein aggregates.

Alzheimer's Research Provides Potential Treatment for UTI

The results are the first to suggest that toxic desmin amyloids can form in response to stress placed on the heart.

A MOLECULAR link has been [...]

The residual local amyloids in the larynx did not increase.

Amyloid tumor of the larynx associated with plasma cell infiltration: differential diagnosis

The problem of electrostatic interactions in amyloids has not been studied in detail and seems ripe for further investigation.

Islet amyloid polypeptide: structure, function, and pathophysiology

[sz]-Amyloid (A[sz]) peptides are generated as cleavage products 39 to 43 amino acids in length from the membrane protein, Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) by two proteases, ?-secretase and ?-secretase.1-3 While only a small amount is processed by ?-Secretase, also known as BACE1 (?-secretase APP cleaving enzyme) or memapsin, APP is predominantly processed by ?-Secretase, producing a 83-amino acid C-terminal fragment, C83.

AnaSpec Highlights Beta-Amyloid (1-42) Peptides

Scientists in California have found a way to prevent proteins from misfolding and thereby potentially prevent or at least arrest any one of hundreds of amyloid diseases.