The so-called "suffix verb" of Biblical Hebrew, normally occurring as a past tense, occurs in certain contexts with a
nonpast meaning and hence has been dubbed "prophetic perfect" (Rogland 2001: 82-83): "...
Teachers are presented with the pattern (i.e., simple aspect +
nonpast tense + occurrence, causative, or aspectual verbs) and illustrations of its occurrence in authentic sentences from British and American academic journal articles.
The English verb phrase has two tenses (past,
nonpast) and three aspects (simple, perfect, progressive) which comprise the tense/aspect system.
7.5.2.2 (Future/subjunctive in -o-) PKxMt and Brahui share a future/subjunctive marker in -o- that has no direct cognate in other Dravidian languages although it may be related to the
nonpast form in *-um.
Variables (h) (SFIN) and (i) (DFIN) represent words with inflectional morphemes those ending in s, the sign of third-person singular verbs in
nonpast forms and of plural nouns, and those ending in d, the sign of past verb forms.
In Hixkaryana (Carib), for instance, "zero marking", outside constructions involving the "
nonpast uncertainty suffix", "marks 'eyewitness' in contrast to 'hearsay' " (Derbyshire 1979:143).
Abbreviations A Transitive subject ABL Ablative ADV Adverbalizer APPR Apprehensive As Assertative dis.du disharmonic dual (members of set in odd-numbered generations) FUT Future GEN Genitive hi higher animate (object, only with 3sg subject) HORT hortative INCORP ADV incorporated adverb ITER Iterative lo lower animate (object, only with 3sg subject) LOC Locative NP
Nonpast O Object POSS Possessed noun PP Past perfective PRT Part RR reflexive/reciprocal S Intransitive subject sg singular SUB Subordinate Appendix B.
The Present series contains mostly personal present (or '
nonpast') forms.
In other words, we account for the "
nonpast" reading of fronted bao gio in the same way as Klein accounted for the "noncontribution" of fronted temporal adverbials in (10)--repeated below: in terms of scope evasion:
303-5), that (Old) Tamil has three tenses, past, present, and future, with the strong evidence from the available texts that it had only two, past and
nonpast. To buttress Tolkappiyar's claim, Cena anachronistically introduces present tense forms from the medieval language (p.
There are two tenses, past and
nonpast, and two moods, modal and indicative" (read with note 16).